In the second or third book the process was detailed by Dr. Singh. The individual being turned is drained of blood over a period of a few days, while being given blood by the vampire. This weakens the prospect’s immune system & allows the Vampire Virus (V2) to take an ever firmer hold of the person being turned. The final stage is where the victim is drained to the point of “death” & given more vampire blood to saturate their system with V2. The victim then either turns or dies. The turn ratio varied from book to book, but I think it was a 50/50 shot at best. The survival/turn ratio may be better with blood from an older vampire (a higher concentration of V2 in their blood) or Tanya’s blood, but she hasn’t turned anyone… yet. “Biting” the prospect may or may not have anything to do with the process. We don’t know if the vampire’s saliva has anything to contribute. So far it’s just drain & give blood.
The Lycan Virus (LV) is more aggressive, but also more lethal. The survival ratio for LV bites also varies from book to book, but I think it was nailed down in Rogue at about a 30% survival/turn rate. The rest died.